The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Beth believes that all sorority members are unintelligent and self-centered. an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. As the world becomes more interconnectedmore collaborations between countries, more intermarrying between different groupsmore and more people are encountering greater diversity of others in everyday life. self-fulfilling. Attitude change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues, emotional responses such as a speaker's attractiveness. They have relatively high levels of serotonin and low levels of testosterone. We commonly say that we should not label others but we cannot help but do so. What is the correct present tense conjugation of the verb? The tendency to see the beliefs, values, and customs of one's own culture or group as "right" or "natural" is called a. ethnicity. Hanna is a supervisor in the production unit of a textile company. When she gets home in the evening, she criticizes her friend's choice of restaurant for dinner. Thus, those high inSDO see groups as battling each other for these resources, with winners at the top of the social hierarchy and losers at the bottom (see Table 1). Table 12.2 The Collective Self-Esteem Scale. p.)\left.p.\right)p.). "teachers" were deceived and frequently subjected to severe stress. At another end of the spectrum are homeless people and drug addicts, stereotyped as not having good intentions (perhaps untrustworthy) and likewise being incompetent (unable) to do anything useful. His increasing hostility can best be explained in terms of, In laboratory experiments, merely observing someone receive painful electric shocks leads viewers to think less of the victim. A) the tendency to favor members of one's own group. CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. - Course Hero That said, the targets of bias sometimes shift across time. Yosef, who is of Jewish origin, joins her unit as a trainee. We might feel affinity toward people from our home town, a connection with those who attend our university, or commiserate with the experience of people who share our gender identity, religion, or ethnicity. A generalized (sometimes accurate, but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people. believing in the superiority of one's own ethnic and cultural group, and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups . What is a FALSE statement regarding the research on microaggressions. Was the White person right to avoid the situation so that neither person would feel uncomfortable? Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. (Social) unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members. B) Having the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group. The test itself is rather simple (and you can experience it yourselfhere). Stereotypes are biased thoughts about a person due to the incorrect belief that the category accurately describes them. How often do you hear people criticizing groups without knowing anything about them? CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following terms refers to the tendency to view members of Unfortunately, even when some countries have created legal protections, they thought that equality applied to only select groups. Women are in poverty and are uneducated more. c. animals can be bred for aggressiveness. Cindy's reaction best illustrates, People's physical attractiveness is unrelated to their, In an experiment by Dutton and Aron, one group of men were asked by an attractive woman to complete a short questionnaire immediately after they had crossed a swaying footbridge suspended 230 feet above the Capilano River. Explanation: It is not true that narcissism is the tendency to view one's own culture or group as superior to others. The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognition) are inconsistent. Take the IAT. On your way to school one day, ask yourself how many types of vehicles breeze down Main St U.S.A., on the average? A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept. Self-serving bias can spill over into the groups we identify with. a. For example, if two classes of children want to play on the same soccer field, the classes will come to dislike . 97 terms. Instead, when he returns home, he shouts at his son for playing video games. Spontaneously, people categorize people into groups just as we categorize furniture or food into one type or another. d. the blame-the-victim phenomenon. The tendency for people to believe the world is Just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. This illustrates, Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called, Research participants believed that the Ash conformity test involved a study of, Alex thinks smoking is addictive but other players on his hockey team insist that it's not. Unit 23. these group categories that he fits into are his _____., an ___ is a large amount of people that perceive themselves as different from/ apart from their ingroup and more. . Ingroup Favoritism and Prejudice | Principles of Social Psychology Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in: Nestor belongs to the cross-country ski club at his college but is not a member of the downhill ski club. An allocator divides a large sum of money among three groups of around 20 recipients each and also to themselves. Dispositional (Internal) Attribution Theory. Like SDO, there does appear to be an association between this ideology (i.e. Social psychologists have developed several ways to measure this automatic preference, the most famous being the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, Banaji, Rudman, Farnham, Nosek, & Mellott, 2002; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998). A loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. b. hypothalamus maxxa+ysubjecttopx+y=m. Exam 1 Dr. c. frontal lobes The theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation (external) or the person's disposition (internal). C) a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. This means, potentially, that there is left-wing authoritarianism that promotes conventional progressive values and seeks to silence dissenting voices (Manson, 2020). Tendency - definition of tendency by The Free Dictionary Busca trabajos relacionados con All of the following are examples of measures of central tendency except o contrata en el mercado de freelancing ms grande del mundo con ms de 22m de trabajos. Developed Social Learning Theory, where children learn through watching AND imitating actions. c. cognitive dissonance. In the context of distinctiveness, you are most likely to introduce your roommate to your friends as: When the British made a group of German civilians walk through a concentration camp at the close of World War II, one German responded: "What terrible criminals these prisoners must have been to receive such treatment." Conserves physiological arousal and excitement. Her explanation for the accident provides and example of. We naturally categorize people by age, language, occupation, ethnicity, income, and many other qualities. This best illustrates the value of, Sharing household chores ranks high on a list of things people associate with successful marriages. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.). It might be easy to dismiss the IAT findings of the all-too-human tendency toward faster, more favorable processing of ones own group. Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., Rudman, L. A., Farnham, S. D., Nosek, B. . Chapter 13 Psychology Flashcards | Quizlet People higher on SDO tend to choose and thrive in occupations that maintain existing group hierarchies (police, prosecutors, business), compared to those lower in SDO, who tend to pick more equalizing occupations (social work, public defense, psychology). Carl Rogers's Actualizing Tendency: Your Ultimate Guide What was the highest marginal tax rate for married taxpayers in 1970? Examined the impact of obedience to authority with his controversial Shock experiment. View Essay - chapter_12 from HLT 1353 at University of Houston. After meeting Kim, who has a 4.0 GPA and volunteers 20 hours each week to help disabled children, Beth says "Well, Kim is an exception to the rule." And whether you recognize this favoritism as wrong, this trade-off is relatively automatic (unintended,immediate, and irresistible). Explaining behaviors based on a person's characteristics; traits, maturity, etc. Was the White person wrong because they will never learn to be comfortable if they avoid contact? c. the social-responsibility norm. Right-wing authoritarianism, left-wing authoritarianism, and pandemic-mitigation authoritarianism. The Peter Principle: What It Is and How to Overcome It - Investopedia She tends to overpraise his achievements in order to avoid appearing biased. (b) Find the partial derivatives of the demand functions w.r.t. (1974). c. outgroup bias. An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them. A) Having a limited, narrow, or self-centered perspective. Quia - AP Psychology Ch.16 Social View quiz 5 psych 312.docx from PSYCH 312 at Liberty University. First, people are interested in understanding the intentions of others. Overgeneralized beliefs about a group of people that often underlie prejudicial emotions are called, Studies of implicit attitudes indicate that prejudice is often, Prejudice can be not only subtle but also automatic and unconscious. High rates of violence are most common among those who experience minimal levels of: b. egocentrism.c. Where slavery was practiced, prejudice ran strong. The result is seeing people who live in subsidized housing, or who like comic books, or who are religious, or who have autism as one homogenous group with little variation. They are motivated by . B) an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. a. deindividuation. Katz, D., & Braly, K. (1933). Rumination: Problem Solving Gone Wrong | Psychology Today For example, authoritarian leaders tend to allocate more national resources to members of their own tribe, religious sect, or political party. In our soccer example, one set of children will focus on their own desire to play without really regarding the similar desire of the other class as equal and legitimate. : Men are more intelligent. d. father care. B) an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. a. deindividuation. Prejudice. Chapter 9 Flashcards | Chegg.com unconsciously mimicking others expressions, postures, and voice tones to help us feel what they are feeling, tendency to believe that something is true simply because it has been repeated many times, the tendency for people to take personal credit for success but blame failure on external factors. A specific case of comfort with the ingroup is called aversive racism, so-called because people do not like to admit their own racial biases to themselves or others (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2010). Social identity is a person's sense of who they are based on their group membership (s). What roles do the evoked set, inert set, and inept set take part in a consumer's information search? This effect has been researched by many psychologists and linked to many theories related to group . Plan a vacation in Switzerland that centers around its natural landscape. This example is an illustration of: If researchers found that people take longer to identify words such as assertive and bold as "strong" when the words are associated with female faces rather than with male faces, this finding would illustrate: In terms of basic social categories, the members of Nestor's cross-country ski club are the _____ and the members of the downhill ski club are the _____. Blatant biases (also called explicit biases) are conscious beliefs, feelings, and behavior that people are perfectly willing to admit, which express hostility toward other groups (outgroups) while unduly favoring ones own group (in-group). b. the just-world phenomenon. One example of ratee bias is egocentric bias, which is best described as the tendency to: a. evaluate one; The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others is: A) consistency. Groupthink: . A confirmation bias is cognitive bias that favors information that confirms your previously existing beliefs or biases. NIMBY | Meaning, Examples, & Facts | Britannica Trellis8. Social dominance orientation (SDO) describes a belief that group hierarchies are inevitable in all societies and are even a good idea to maintain order and stability (Sidanius & Pratto, 1999). a. ingroup bias. An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship. "teachers" actually seemed to enjoy shocking the "learners.". Categories, then, are becoming more and more uncertain, unclear, volatile, and complex (Bodenhausen & Peery, 2009). Subtle biases (also called automatic or implicit biases) are unexamined and sometimes unconscious, but just as real in their consequences. Its not that the person high in SDO wants to control what this outgroup member does; its that moving into this nice neighborhood disrupts the social hierarchy the person high in SDO believes in (i.e. Just that morning, a court officer had confiscated a juror's copy of The New York Post with the case on the cover. This way of perceiving and making . Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is sometimes called the ________ gene. The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. For example, if two classes of children want to play on the same soccer field, the classes will come to dislike each other not because of any real, objectionable traits about the other group.
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